Irony in All Kings Men Essays -- Literacy Analysis

William Penn Warren’s All the King’s Men is novel that explores the political society and its influences. Like several politicians in modern society, several characters have qualities that seem unsuitable to the impression that have made. These ironies in All the King’s Men reveal how the characters have flaws, which can result in critical consequences. Jack Burden, Adam Stanton, Judge Irwin and Willie Stark are characters that with ironic traits. Jack Burden is known as the â€Å"student of history† ( Warren 372). The very fact that he is a historian is ironic, as he has come from an aristocratic and reputable family and grew up in Burden’s Landing. However, Jack lacks the ambition needed to excel in life and works for Willie, despite the disapproval of this family. He â€Å"not only lacks ambition, but all ‘essential confidence’ in himself† (Bloom 132). If he had ambition, he could have married Anne Stanton earlier, as Anne would always tell him to â€Å"go on back to State and finish up† and then she will marry him â€Å"even before [he] gets [his] law degree† (448). Yet, Jack forced himself to get kicked out of school. Even as a historian, Jack cannot deal with new things he learns about people he is closely associated with. After he learned that Lois was actually a person and not â€Å"merely a luscious machine† he went into one of series of the Great Sleep ( Warren 459). After he learned about Anne Stanton and Willie’s affair, Jack temporarily escaped to the West because â€Å"when [people] don’t like whey [the] are [they] always go West† (Warren 464). Jack was not able to cope with this news that he had to leave to relieve his mind. In addition, as a historian, he does not delve into his own past. Concerning his father, he only knew that the Scholarl... ... its characters. These ironic flaws contribute to their sufferings throughout the novel. The flaws of Willie Stark, Adam Stanton and Judge Irwin led to the ultimate punishment, death, and Jack Burden’s flaws led to temporarily losing his love, Anne Stanton. Works Cited Baker, Joseph E. â€Å"Irony in Fiction: ‘All the King’s Men.’† College English. Vol. 9. JSTOR. Web. 06 Dec. 2011. Bloom, Harold. â€Å"’The Case of the Upright Judge’: The Nature of Truth in All the King's Men.† Robert Penn Warren’s â€Å"All the King’s Men.† Questia School. Web. 06 Dec. 2011. Martin, Glenn. â€Å"Diction in Warren’s ‘All the King’s Men.’† The English Journal. Vol. 58. JSTOR. Web. 06 Dec. 2011. Warren, Robert Penn. All the King’s Men. Orlando: Harcourt Inc., 1996. Wright, Andrew H. â€Å"Irony and Fiction.† The Journal of Aestetics and Art Criticism.Vol.12. JSTOR. Web. 06 Dec. 2011.

Marketing Mix of Mcdonalds

Marketing Mix Marketing mix must focus on the product, pricing, promotion, and placement of item in order to make it successful. Marketing strategies must feature customer orientation, input, and accessibility in the fight to the top of the market. McDonald's is no different. An example of this is illustrated with a comparison of McDonalds and Wendy's. At first glance, they may appear to have roughly the same marketing mix and target markets. Both are fast food and provide similar products. However, looking closer, one can recognize that McDonald's primary target market is children ages 3-11 and their parents. McDonald's understood that the parent was making the purchasing decision, most likely based on price. What McDonald's marketing executives did was ingenious. They put a $. 50 toy in with the hamburger, french fries, and drink and gave it a special name, the â€Å"Happy Meal†. Then McDonald's marketed the Happy Meal to the kids. If you have you ever asked your child where to buy a Happy Meal, they will tell you that there is only one place you can buy one, and that is at Fun McFactsWhen Was Your McDonald's Favorite Introduced? 1955 – Hamburgers, cheeseburgers, fries, shakes, soft drinks, coffee and milk 1963 -Filet-O-Fish 968 -Big Mac and Hot Apple Pie 1973 -Quarter Pounder and Egg McMuffin 1974 -McDonaldland Cookies 1977 -Breakfast Menu 1978 -Sundaes 1979 -Happy Meals 1983 -Chicken McNuggets 1986 -Biscuit Sandwiches 1987 -Salads 1998 -McFlurry Desserts 1999 -Breakfast Bagels 2000 -Chicken McGrill and Crispy Chicken 2001 -Big N' Tasty 2003 -Premium Salads, Newman's Own ® salad dressings and McGriddles 2004 -2004 Chicken Selects ® Premium Breast Strips McDonald's. McDonald's has Ronald McDonald, playgrounds or PlayPlaces, â€Å"Happy Meals,† and fun advertisements with brightly colored â€Å"Fry Guys† or the â€Å"Cheese Burgerler†. Contrastingly, Wendy's targets a more adult market and the restaurants represent a more mature atmosphere with carpet floors and Dave Thomas advertisements. Wendy's does have children's meals that offer a toy, but overall the atmosphere attracts a different demographic group. McDonald's restaurants have a variety of strategies that apply to product, placement, promotion, and price that makes them one of the most successful, well-recognized organizations in the world. Product Strategies McDonald's marketing strategies should be looked at historically in order to see the larger picture of the firm's success. There have been so many strategies since the inception of the firm that it is difficult to account for them all, the two most memorable are the development of the â€Å"Golden Arches† and â€Å"Ronald McDonald†. These two icons have given customers a mental image of what to look for when they want quality food for a low price fast. The firm revolutionized the fast food industry and positioned itself as the market leader with low-priced, quality food and provided an entertaining atmosphere for the children. These things were what that the market wanted at the time and the firm answered in spades. The perceived secret of McDonald's success is the willingness to innovate, even while striving to achieve consistency in the operation of its many outlets. For example, its breakfast menu, salads, Chicken McNuggets, and the McLean Deluxe sandwich were all examples of how the company tried to appeal to a wider range of consumers. The long history of innovation and experimentation resulted in new profit centers like Chicken McNuggets and the breakfast menu. Innovation and experimentation also produced some disappointments like the McLean Deluxe, but inevitably experimentation in limited outlets provides McDonald's a way to retain its key strengths-quality and consistency-while continuing to evolve. The use of franchising, again, provides various perspectives that, in turn, lead to innovation for products and solutions. Franchisees agree to operate their restaurants in the â€Å"McDonald's way† but there remains room for innovation. Many ideas for new menu items come from franchisees responding to customer demand. Developing new products is crucial to any business even those that successfully relied on a limited menu for many years. As consumer tastes change, menu innovation injects enthusiasm allowing the firm to explore markets previously overlooked or ignored. The â€Å"Egg McMuffin†, for example, was introduced in 1971. This item enabled McDonald's to accommodate consumers of the breakfast market. Filet-o-Fish, Drive-thrus, and Playlands were all products or concepts developed by franchisees. McDonald's tries a few new concepts simultaneous in different parts of the country to find the most promising new menu item. Those with the most potential could be rolled out further, while the ineffective ideas could be left to die quickly. This strategy may be expensive, but the potential to unleash new areas of growth in a maturing market seems to be right in line with what McDonald's has always done. In addition to the local flavors that have been created in the US, McDonald's international restaurants have been conforming to local, regional, and ethnic tastes, too. In a recent McDonald's case study this was explained further: â€Å"For example, ‘Maharaja McBurger' is a vegetarian burger marketed in India. The special requirements for ‘Kosher' foods are followed in Israel. Similarly, McDonald's offers ‘Halal' food in Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. During promotions, McDonald's also introduces several other products. For example, its ‘Prosperity Burger' is popular in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore at the time of the Chinese New Year celebrations. In order to respond to the growing phenomenon of health consciousness, McDonald's has moved in favor of lean ground beef, 100% vegetable oil, 1% low-fat milk, low sodium, and low fat This product strategy shows that McDonald's is interested in becoming part of the culture and is looking for ways to appeal to the market internationally. McDonald's menu is based on five main ingredients: beef, chicken, bread, potatoes and milk. Their main products are hamburgers, chicken sandwiches, fries, and beverages. In addition, they serve a variety of breakfast items and desserts. Every McDonald's is uniform; you know exactly what you will get no matter what store you go in to. Although McDonald's has thousands of restaurants around the world, it standardizes menus and operating procedures in these restaurants to insure consistency throughout. To maintain consistency in the current menu while the firm tests new products to expand the product line, McDonald's relies on test marketing new menu items in pilot locations. New products are rigorously market tested so that the franchisee will have a reasonable idea of its potential before it is dded to the menu. The introduction of new products, which have already been researched and tested, considerably reduces the risk for the franchisee. The franchisees additionally benefit from the extensive national market research programs that assess consumer attitudes and perceptions. What products do they want to buy and at what price? How are they performing compared to their competitors? This approach allows the firm to id entify which items are likely to prove popular with consumers while ensuring that the company can deliver new products with consistent quality nationwide. McDonald's already has a history of doing this so it will not require major changes to its operations strategy-at least initially. If the product line-up gets too large, then the task of maintaining quality becomes exponentially harder. The trick is to consider how to eliminate some of the existing menu items when you introduce new ones, while making sure the staff is fully trained in how to execute these products successfully. McDonald's serves the world some of its favorite foods – Fries, Big Mac, Quarter Pounder, Chicken McNuggets, and the Egg McMuffin. To this end, McDonald's had done well with a limited product range. Declining per unit sales and competitors gaining ground, may indicate that McDonald's menu needs a face-lift. One way to do that is by inserting a couple of new, highly promoted menu items. This would refresh the product menu and provide new, satisfying experience for dinner consumers. McDonald's has the opportunity to apply its core competencies of rigorous adherence to quality standards and continual promotion of experimentation in new venues. Imagine McDonald's opening a new casual dining restaurant under a different name, like Mac's, and sliding away from the fast food industry. The firm could franchise that concept nationwide and target the market of consumers who have grown past fast food. McDonald's, or Mac's, meticulous approach to operations would ensure that consumers everywhere would experience the same dining experience at each restaurant. This consistency presents a wonderful advantage for consumers who don't want to be surprised with a bad meal. Consumers would expect the same as they do currently with McDonald's-the Big Mac in Minneapolis is the same as the one in Beijing . Placement Strategies McDonald's focuses on store placement and are always looking for the best locations. This strategy created some weakness in the last 10 years because it seemed that too many stores were put in some areas, cannibalizing sales from the other McDonald's. The company has also made convenience a focus, not only through how fast it serves customers, but also in the location of its outlets. Freestanding restaurants are positioned so that you are never more than a few minutes away by foot in the city or by car in the suburbs. In addition, McDonald's is tucking restaurants into schools, stores, and more . Because McDonald's has pretty well saturated the U. S. arket, it's only real opportunities for growth lie abroad, where the competition is not so cutthroat or by introducing new restaurant concepts under brands other than McDonald's. The organization's overall objective is to increase market share. In this instance, the focus is purely on localization with different strategies for different countries. Pricing could not possibly be standardized across the globe without aliena ting many countries with poorer economies, thus defeating the initial objective. McDonald's set an appropriate price for their product by looking at its competitors in each country. McDonald's is attempting to localize marketing communications due to the realization that it couldn't possibly appeal to all countries at the same time. The firm sees the necessity to â€Å"brand globally, act locally†. For example, in China it was recognized that advertising on television would be a waste of money because commercials between programs are generally ignored. Instead, McDonald's uses newspapers and magazines to promote its image. Similarly, in East Asia, McDonald's targets children in order to gain optimum results. Of course, the ultimate message (brand) is the same; the medium is what is strategically modified. Pricing Strategies McDonald's strategy is to offer quality food quickly to customers at a good value. The pricing structure for McDonald's over years has supported this message. The company strives to differentiate itself from other fast food restaurants by offering a variety of menu items that appeal to a variety of people from those who just want great hamburgers, to those who just want a quick healthy meal. McDonald's differentiates itself by offering a dollar menu, combination meals, and a free toy with Happy Meals McDonald's, over the years, has also ran many promotions to increase traffic or product sales. For instance, the most recent roll out has been the 2004 Chicken Selects premium Breast Strips. Right now, you can go to your local McDonald's and â€Å"try them free. † With this new product is offered a variation of the â€Å"usual† sauces for the Chicken Nuggest – a Chipotle Barbeque sauce is most commonly advertised. Another promotion was the â€Å"Campaign 55† where diners could buy a featured sandwich, like the Big Mac in April, for 55 cents when purchased with fries and a drink. This campaign wasn't as successful as the fast food giant found would have hoped. Many other promotions with food, toys, collectibles, videos, and other prizes have been used by McDonald's restaurants over the past 50-plus years. These promotions, some better than others, have helped to keep McDonald's growing and gaining in the fast food world. Value has been an area in which McDonald's has strengthened over time, not only with customers, but within their distribution, channel management, and logistics strategies as well Distribution, Channel Management, and Logistics. A company the size of McDonald's requires the value chain to be increasingly important. Not only does McDonald's want to add value for the customers, but also the firm looks for ways to improve the operations that makes McDonald's a more efficient business. Promotion Strategies McDonald's knows that some customers go to its stores to take a quick break from their day's activities and not because McDonald's made the food ten seconds faster than their competitors could. Therefore, McDonald's marketing executives then put together the phrase, â€Å"Have you had your break today? † They continued to develop this idea with â€Å"You deserve a break today,† and now are in the â€Å"I'm Lovin' It! mantra. â€Å"I'm Lovin' It! † doesn't seem to have as much punch as the earlier catch phrase, which still seems to be the favorite. McDonald's sees the use of these catch phrases and the use of the Golden Arches as a very successful way of differentiating the restaurants from other fast food competitors. McDonald's has taken price competition out of the picture because the customer feels they have gotten quality, convenience, service, and value – and McDonald's still makes you feel like you are getting a break in your hectic day. Creating catch phrases are only one kind of promotion, and McDonald's uses many kinds of promotions to keep the restaurants at the top of the industry. With the rise of health consciousness it has become more difficult McDonald's to compete because their reputation brands them as cheap food served fast . The firm's response to obesity claims against the organization and other unfavorable public sediment is to add healthier items to their menu and promote and offer health-conscious alternatives to the â€Å"would you like fries with that† legacy. In addition, McDonald's has modernized their advertisements, pamphlets, and website to include nutritional information and addressing diet restrictions. Breaking the unhealthy association is difficult on its own, but with media and movies such as â€Å"Supersize Me† adding to the fray, McDonald's has had to look for alternative strategies to keep consumers happy. Another promotional strategy McDonald's uses is the huge investment in sponsorship. This is also a central part of the image building process. Sponsorship of the 1998 football World Cup, the Premier League and the European Championships increases awareness of McDonald's brand . However, McDonald's still follows Ray Kroc's community beliefs today, supporting the Tidy Britain Group and the Groundwork Trust, as well as local community activities. McDonald's has become a known community partner with Ronald McDonald Houses across the nation for the use of families whose children are hospitalized and getting treatment far from home. This organization has created an image of partnership and community investment with these and other kinds of philanthropic activities . Rob Leavitt, ITSMA e-zine editor, reported in the June 2004 edition that Larry Light, McDonald's Chief Marketing Officer, railed against those claiming brands must have only one identity that appeals to increasingly fragmented audiences. Leavitt also reported, â€Å"Identifying one brand positioning, communicating it in a repetitive manner, is old-fashioned, out-of-date, out-of-touch brand communication,† he said. A brand is multidimensional. No one communication, no one message can tell a whole brand story. † According to Light, marketers that continue to follow a simplistic mass marketing approach are committing â€Å"brand suicide†. Determining which way to market McDonald's and its products is a very important decision that can either cause products to fail or take flight. These same decisions must be made in regards to the ma rketing of the company as a whole. Strategy is the name of this game.

The First Amendment Was Created To Protect Americans’ Basic

The First Amendment was created to protect Americans’ basic human rights. It states that the government has no right to make laws or prohibit the freedom of religion, speech, and press. However, with the First Amendment stating that there is freedom of religion, why are children and teachers not allowed to participate in religion during school or on school property? The creation of the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause is the reason why. Curiously, there is no other right in the First Amendment that has a clause dedicated to it. Then why is the freedom of religion subject to such clauses when the other freedoms are not? The First Amendment joined the Constitution of the United States on December 15, 1791. The Amendment is†¦show more content†¦The prayer was, â€Å"Almighty God, we acknowledge our dependence upon Thee, and beg Thy blessings upon us, our teachers, and our country† (Oyez 1). The state of New York approved the prayer, and the prayer was nondenominational. Children whose parents did not want them to recite the prayer did not have to participate, and were excused; reciting the prayer was voluntary. Therefore, the prayer was not mandatory and was supposed to serve as a purpose of moral education only for those who wanted to acknowledge God as the source of all blessings. However, New York Lawyers argued that the prayer offended the Establishment Clause, suggesting that the state of New York was officially approving a religion by approving the prayer. This action eventually led to the Supreme Court ruling the prayer as unconstitutional. With the success of ruling Engel v. Vi tale unconstitutional, the case set a precedent for many more court cases in which the Supreme Court used the Establishment Clause as a jurisdiction for removing religious practices in public schools. Due to the United States’ Supreme Court reviewing religious cases, on average, more than once a year since 1962, the Establishment Clause and Free exercise Clause have taken on a whole new meaning in public schools. Now, the two clauses are disjoined. The Establishment Clause has become the more favored one of the two, compared to the Free Exercise Clause, which is almost obsolete. Today, studentsShow MoreRelatedBill Of Rights : An Important Part Of American History943 Words   |  4 PagesBill of Rights The Bill of Rights is an Extremely important part of American History. In the late 1700s the Bill of Rights was created to give Americans a basic set of freedoms. These freedoms have always been greatly valued by the American people ever since the Bill of Rights was created. The first amendment protects freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and the freedom to petition the government. 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In addition to that, it is the800 Words   |  4 Pagesunder the law. Basic rights such as the first ten amendments, or the Bill of Rights, ensure our ability to petition, go on strike, protect us from double jeopardy in court, and even allow us to carry firearms for a well-regulated militia. Other notable amendments includes the 13th amendment which abolished slavery, the 14th amendment which ensures the right of being an American citizens no matter race if the person resides in the respective country, the 15th amendment which protects the voting rightsRead MoreProtecting Fundamental Rights Of Citizens888 Words   |  4 Pagesfederal government creating amendments and laws â€Å"that conferred on all Americans the precious status of citizen, enumerated some of the fundamental rights of citizenship, and extended to citizens fede rally enforceable guarantees for the protection for their civil rights was itself a revolutionary change in American federalism† (Kaczorowski 47). Should the federal government protect the fundamental rights of its citizens even if it infringes on state laws? In order to protect the unity of the United

Definition and Examples of the Middle Style in Rhetoric

In classical rhetoric, the middle style is reflected in speech or writing that (in terms of word choice, sentence structures, and delivery) falls between the extremes of the plain style and the grand style. Roman rhetoricians generally advocated the use of the plain style for teaching, the middle style for pleasing, and the grand style for moving an audience. Examples and Observations An Example of the Middle Style: Steinbeck on the Urge to TravelWhen I was very young and the urge to be someplace was on me, I was assured by mature people that maturity would cure this itch. When years described me as mature, the remedy prescribed was middle age. In middle age, I was assured that greater age would calm my fever and now that I am fifty-eight perhaps senility will do the job. Nothing has worked. Four hoarse blasts of a ships whistle still raise the hair on my neck and set my feet to tapping. The sound of a jet, an engine warming up, even the clopping of shod hooves on pavement brings on the ancient shudder, the dry mouth and vacant eye, the hot palms and the churn of stomach high up under the rib cage. In other words, I don’t improve; in further words, once a bum always a bum. I fear the disease is incurable. I set this matter down not to instruct others but to inform myself.(John Steinbeck, Travels with Charley: In Search of America. Viking, 1962)Three Kinds o f StyleThe classical rhetoricians delineated three kinds of style--the grand style, the middle style, and the plain style. Aristotle told his students that every kind of rhetorical style is capable of being used in season or out of season. They warned against the too grand style calling it swollen, or the too plain style which when misused they called meagre, and dry and bloodless. The middle style used inappropriately they called slack, without sinews and joints . . . drifting.(Winifred Bryan Horner, Rhetoric in the Classical Tradition. St. Martins, 1988)The Middle Style in Roman RhetoricThe speaker who sought to entertain his listeners would choose a middle style. Vigor was sacrificed for charm. Any and every form of ornamentation was appropriate, including the use of wit and humor. Such a speaker possessed the skill to develop arguments with breadth and erudition; he was master at amplification. His words were chosen for the effect they would produce on others. Euphony and imager y were cultivated. The overall effect was one of moderation and temperance, of polish and urbanity. This style of discourse, more than any other, typified Cicero himself and would later influence us in English through the marvelous prose style of Edmund Burke.(James L. Golden, The Rhetoric of Western Thought, 8th ed. Kendall/Hunt, 2004)The Tradition of the Middle Style- The Middle Style . . . resembles the simple in striving to communicate truth to the understanding with clearness, and resembles the grand in aiming to influence the feelings and passions. It is bolder and more profuse in the employment of figures and the various emphatic verbal forms than the simple style; but does not use those appropriate to intense feeling, which are found in the grand.This style is employed in all compositions intended not only to inform and convince, but at the same time to move the feelings and passions. Its character varies with the predominance of one or other of these ends. When instruction and conviction are predominant, it approaches the lower style; when influencing the feelings is the main object, it partakes more of the character of the higher.(Andrew D. Hepburn, Manual of English Rhetoric, 1875)- The middle style is the style you dont notice, the style that does not show, ideal transparency. . . .To define a style in this way, of course, means that we cannot talk about the style itself--the actual configuration of words on the page--at all. We must talk about the social substance surrounding it, the historical pattern of expectations which renders it transparent.(Richard Lanham, Analyzing Prose, 2nd ed. Continuum, 2003)- Ciceros idea of the middle style . . . lies between the ornateness and perorations of the grand or vigorous style (used for persuasion) and the simple words and conversational manner of the plain or low style (used for proof and instruction). Cicero designated the middle style as a vehicle for pleasure and defined it by what it is not--not showy, not highly figurative, not stiff, not excessively simple or terse. . . . The twentieth-century reformers, up to and beyond Strunk and White, were and are advocating their version of the middle style. . . .An accepted middle style exists for any form of writing you can think of: news stories in The New York Times, scholarly articles in the sciences or humanities, historical narratives, Weblogs, legal decisions, romance or suspense novels, CD reviews in Rolling Stone, medical case studies.(Ben Yagoda, The Sound on the Page. Harper, 2004)

Alzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) - 1244 Words

Alzheimer s disease(AD) wrecks memory and other essential mental capacities. Research has shown that numerous individuals with dementia, particularly those who are sixty-five or older, have brain impairments. All through the numerous periods of Alzheimer s disease, people appear to show any indication, yet harmful changes are occurring in the cerebrum. An unnatural deposit of proteins structure amyloid plaques and tau tangles all through the brain, and once the active neurons quit working, they lose contact with different neurons, and they eventually die. Studies have also shown to slow down the rate of the developing, evolving Alzheimer s disease. Supplements are significant because of the absence of new medications to treat elderly†¦show more content†¦On a smaller scale, AD is a progressively developing disease. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the stage between the normal cognitive decay of ordinary aging and the more genuine decrease of dementia. I am specifically foc using on this intermediate phase of AD. MCI can include issues with memory, dialect, speculation and judgment that are more prominent than typical age-related changes. If one has mild cognitive impairment, you might know that your memory or mental capacity has dropped. The patient s family and companions may see a change. But, for the most part, these progressions aren t sufficiently extreme to meddle with one s everyday life and routine. Mild cognitive impairment may build one s danger of later advancing to dementia, brought on by AD or other neurological diseases.On the other hand, some individuals with MCI never worsen, and a couple show signs of improvement. Next, Homocysteine is a typical amino protein (one of the building obstructs make proteins) found in the blood and is gained for the most part from eating proteins. Elevated amounts of homocysteine are identified with the early improvement of heart and vein ailment. A hoisted level is viewed as a free hazard component for c oronary disease. High amounts of homocysteine is connected with low levels of vitamin B6, B12, and folate and renal illness. Research

Teacher-Coach Role Onflict Essay Sample free essay sample

Teacher-coach function struggle is an issue that is common to most physical instruction instructors. Physical pedagogues normally express high involvements in training since the business of physical instruction is synonymous with athletics. In fact. most believe that physical pedagogues must learn and train merely because of tradition. hence coercing a bulk of physical pedagogues into this double function of manager and instructor. Role struggle refers to persons involved in certain functions that are viing against each other. Persons must run into the demands of each function. hence making possible struggle and the inordinate emphasis added by the effort to run into every outlook. The intent of this paper is to analyze the issues of how teacher-coaches perceive their functions. the impact on pupils from this struggle and how teachers-coaches must carry through the demands required from each function. Percepts and Performance of Dual Roles in Teaching-Coaching Teachers-coaches often perceive disparities when trying to carry through the responsibilities of the two functions. We will write a custom essay sample on Teacher-Coach Role Onflict Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page that of the instructor. and the function of the manager. All teacher-coaches may comprehend struggle otherwise based on their experiences and thoughts of their needed responsibilities for each function. The manner a teacher-coach perceives and performs their function slightly involves critical constructs in the enlisting phase of teacher socialisation: subjective warrant and the apprenticeship of observation. These constructs province. â€Å"subjective warrant is an individual’s perceptual experiences of the demands for learning. and their ability to carry through these demands. whereas the apprenticeship of observation is the thoughts and beliefs one holds about the occupation of learning based on experiences in school as a student† ( Gaudreault. 2012 ) . How instructor and managers interpret their business Teacher-coaches evidently will hold differences in the manner that they perceive the different disparities between the demands of double functions. These differences may be a consequence from their old experiences as a pupil. jock. or manager. First of all. it is of import to take a expression at whether teacher-coaches had different perceptual experiences about their business. Subjective warrant and the apprenticeship of observation significantly contribute to whether persons have different perceptual experiences of the demands required for teaching-coaching. Harmonizing to Richards and Templin. â€Å"pursuing a calling in training most people see learning physical instruction as the lone feasible path to going a coach† ( Richards A ; Templin. 2012. p. 167 ) . Teacher-coaches must acknowledge that they are straight responsible for the perceptual experience of physical instruction ; as a consequence public presentation may greatly be affected by the teacher-coaches perceptual experience of function importance. Distinguishing duties between the instructor and manager One could reason that teacher-coaches perform similar structured activities during category or pattern. There are several duties that being a instructor and manager portion. nevertheless there are some conflicting function demands that make learning a full-time occupation every bit good as training a full-time occupation of its ain. Harmonizing to Kwon. â€Å"in physical instruction. the development of cognitive. affectional. and psychomotor competences every bit good as an affinity for womb-to-tomb physical activity are typically cited as aims. while sports seeks to develop pupils who are talented in a specific athletics and to bring forth winning teams† ( Kwon ( Donovan. 1997 ) . 2010 ) . Some common constituents that are about the same for each function would include undertakings such as verbal direction. presentation of the accomplishments to be performed. widening or polishing undertakings. and look intoing for unde rstanding. Therefore. sing the different features. accomplishments. and demands of each calling. it is safe to presume that function struggle will happen with an person. How political relations influence teacher-coaches behaviourAs stated before. coaching can be considered a full-time occupation itself with the extra duties that are associated with instruction. â€Å"A teacher’s engagement in institutional events and presence in the school are critical to the development of the teacher’s individuality and success. † ( Schempp. 2003. p. 18 ) is a major factor to the political relations of instruction and coaching. Persons may hold trouble equilibrating the clip spent on each function where one function may take precedence over the other. the precedences associated with learning normally being shoved to the side to carry through clip demands. Physical pedagogues love prosecuting in athleticss this one of the chief ground they entered this field. hence coaching clip demands seem far more of import than ones’ learning duties. Impact Role Conflict has on Teachers-Coaches and Students Teacher-coaches and pupils are straight affected by the clip demands. attempt. and deficiency of answerability that is placed upon the instructor or the manager. All these factors mentioned decidedly impact the quality of direction. relationships with pupils. equals. and their really ain personal life. Coaching will take a great trade of clip demand. passing a bulk of flushing. weekends. or summers seeking to equilibrate instruction and training seeking to avoid burnout. An single must be cognizant that there will be force per unit areas and clip restraints that come with being a physical pedagogue or manager. Stress and Burnout Physical pedagogues who frequently accept this double function as a instructor and a manager tend to see emphasis seeking to run into the demands of both functions. in bend ensuing in burnout. Harmonizing to writers. â€Å"role strain. besides called function overload. is defined as being exposed to greater demands in footings of clip. energy. and/or committedness than the single possesses or is willing to give to the role† ( Drake A ; Hebert. 2002. p. 170 ) . Trying to learn and train topographic points a considerable sum of force per unit area on an individual’s personal relationships with friends and household. Drake and Herbert ( 2002 ) indicate that a major beginning of emphasis ensuing in burnout was the function struggle of prosecuting in each function: Characteristic of teacher-coach places is a competition for an individual’s resources. and those who occupy this double function are forced to do determinations about how much clip. energy. and committedne ss to give to each function ( Donovan. 1997 ) . In add-on to teacher-coach inter-role struggle. these participants besides described two signifiers of intra-role struggle within the coaching function. which resulted from training multiple athleticss and parental outlooks. ( pg. 179 ) Consequently. if the teacher-coach experiences any marks of burnout it is safe to province that they are far more likely to give their best attempt and supply most likely pupils in the schoolroom quality direction. Stress contributes to teacher-coaches prefering one business more than the other. which normally tends to be training instead than learning. particularly seen in males instead than females. Precedences of Teacher-Coaches Harmonizing to Schempp. â€Å"the force per unit area to win and bring forth successful jocks. combined with the comparatively low answerability of physical pedagogues to show students’ fittingness or accomplishment proficiency usually means that the coaching duties receive greater attending and the student’s direction suffers† ( Schempp. 2003. p. 22 ) . Harmonizing to this position. teacher-coaches tend to acknowledge that they are more likely to be fired for training instead than their teaching public presentation ; accordingly. they spend a bulk of their clip carry throughing the outlooks and demands for training. The success of an athletic squad far outweighs the importance of physical instruction with most schools since the political relations of the school topographic point a much higher value on athleticss than the value of pupil acquisition. Difference in relationships between pupils and pupil jocks Work in schoolrooms are frequently isolated from equals and outside influences compared to training which notably additions far more attending from the public oculus. One must be prepared to meet more force per unit area from disposal. parents. and staff while training. later society is extremely competitory necessarily doing managers denominate more clip and attempt towards training with the extra force per unit area from outside beginnings. The influential factor of clip greatly affects how relationships differ from pupils to student jocks for teacher-coaches. An statement could be made that pupil athletes gain far more cognition and penetration than merely pupils in the schoolroom due to the fact that they have extended sums of clip with the teacher-coach. Another difference in the relationships between teacher-coaches and student/students jocks is the simple fact that the teacher favors the jocks due to the student-athletes success in the schoolroom and in pattern. Teacher-coaches relationships with their pupils and jocks is greatly affected by the deficiency of answerability for learning. and the force per unit area seen from clip restraints and sensed attempt. Schemes to get by with teacher-coach function struggle There are likely a assortment of methods used to better get bying with this double function struggle that so frequently occurs with teacher-coaches. Persons must hold on and follow schemes to guarantee success as a instructor and as a manager. There are legion schemes that are designed to obtain optimum public presentation with two conflicting occupational functions. The followers will discourse common schemes and methods that will be good to every bit run intoing the needed demands from learning and training. Differences in teacher-coaches sensed force per unit area and emphasis associated with carry throughing both functions will differ with each person. hence different schemes may fulfill conflicting demands better for some than others. Adopting methods to guarantee success First to get down following methods for persons to guarantee success teacher-coaches must be motivated and willing to alter if necessary. As discussed earlier. clip demands and attempt play a immense function in finding whether or non an person is sing emphasis and force per unit area to carry through their ends for both callings. Harmonizing to Millslagle and Morley. â€Å"time is the biggest defeat for coach/teacher† ( Millslagle A ; Morley. 2004 ) . One ground that clip may be the taking job for the teacher-coaches is the fact that athleticss are being coach twelvemonth unit of ammunition. even if the athletics is competitory merely three months of the twelvemonth. Planning and waiving on following methods to diminish the force per unit area and stressors associated with this function struggle may entirely be based on the perceptual experiences and clip of burnout. Planing schemes to better public presentation There are specific schemes that have been antecedently developed to guarantee that burnout and jobs happening with teacher-coach function struggle less often transpire. When burnout and emphasis arise three get bying schemes are often used to cut down job-related emphasis and function struggle. and avoid burnout. Drake and Herbert identified three schemes developed over clip in order to retrieve from function struggle comprised of: personal release. organisation accomplishments. and wise mans ( Drake A ; Hebert. 2002 ) . Personal release refers to dividing yourself physically and/or mentally from work such as disbursement clip with household or possibly exerting. Organizational accomplishments will farther assist you avoid emphasis from all of the multiple undertakings and skills one must possess to be a teacher-coach. Last of all. remaining in touch with wise mans for teachers-coaches is a great header mechanism. Establishing schemes and meeting outlooks The high degrees of job-related emphasis will finally take to burnout. unless persons successfully develop and utilize get bying mechanisms to cut down emphasis. Harmonizing to Ha. Hums. and Greenwell. â€Å"burnout is a province of physical. emotional. and mental exhaustion caused by long-run engagement in state of affairss that are emotionally demanding ( Ha. Hums. A ; Greenwell. 2011 ) . The degree of burnout and sum of emphasis may change from being reasonably low to highly high all depending on the state of affairs. As a hereafter pedagogue one must be willing to follow schemes such as those discussed above. which centers methods developed to get away force per unit area associated with the double function struggle. Once persons have adopted schemes that seek to guarantee initial function strain is minimum 1 must get down by concentrating on schemes such as developing clip direction for one’s personal life. organisational accomplishments. and larning from wise mans. Dec ision All in all. a teacher-coach function struggle is a re-occurring issue that is common in the physical instruction field. Although there are many methods to better public presentation for both functions as a teacher-coach. jobs will ever originate as this affair with force per unit area to win. emphasis from deficiency of clip. and the sum of attempt displayed due to low answerability. After researching the teacher-coach function struggle we should now understand the issues with how teacher-coaches perceive their functions. the impact this struggle takes on their pupils. and how certain coping mechanisms must be adopted in order one to carry through the demands required to be a teacher-coach. In my sentiment. I think that persons must be ready to meet emphasis and force per unit areas that come from double functions if they plan to go a physical educator-coach. A key to being successful as a teacher-coach is to acknowledge the possible function struggles and develop schemes that will m inimise these struggles. As schools continue to engage physical instruction instructors with outlooks that they will presumptively train every bit good will be a beginning of why this function struggle will ever be. Teacher-coaches must endeavor to happen solutions that will work out the struggles brought approximately by the double business of instruction and coaching. Mentions Donovan. M. ( 1997 ) . Role overload and function struggle: Teacher or manager. British Journal of Physical Education. 17-20. Drake. D. D. . A ; Hebert. E. P. ( 2002 ) . Percepts of occupational emphasis and schemes for avoiding burnout: instance surveies of two female teacher-coaches. Physical Educator. 59 ( 4 ) . 170-183. Gaudreault. K. L. ( 2012 ) . Socialogical issues in learning physical instruction. The Global Journal of Health and Physical Education Pedagogy. 1 ( 4 ) . 321-33. Ha. J. . Hums. M. . A ; Greenwell. T. C. ( 2011 ) . Double Role of Physical Education Teacher-Athletic Directors in Korean Secondary Schools. Physical Educator. 68 ( 4 ) . 221-233. Millslagle. D. . A ; Morley. L. ( 2004 ) . Probe of Role Retreatism in the Teacher/Coach. Physical Educator. 61 ( 3 ) . 120-130. Richards. K. R. . A ; Templin. T. J. ( 2012 ) . Toward a Multidimensional Perspective on Teacher-Coach Role Conflict. Quest. 64 ( 3 ) . 164-176. Schempp. P. G. ( 2003 ) . Teaching Sport and Physi cal Activity: Penetration on the route to excellence. Champaign. IL. United States of America: Human Dynamicss.

Limitation of sight and hearing free essay sample

Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. Most of the limitation of sight can be overcome with the help of certain optical instruments such as magnifying glass, microscope, binoculars and others. The range of frequency of hearing in human 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. It was different according to the age of a person. Hearing limitations can be overcome by using devices such as microphone, stethoscope, earphone and PA system. All of these devices help us to make our live easier. INTRODUCTION 2OBJECTIVE 3APPRECIATION 4LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 5LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 6DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 7DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 8PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 9PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATION OF HEARING Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. the objective of learning about the limitation of sight and hearing: ? I have learnt that our hearing and sight has limitation. We will write a custom essay sample on Limitation of sight and hearing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ? I have learnt that we can overcome the limitation of our sight and hearing by using or wearing technology devices. ? The technology devices have make our lives easier. Technology Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight and Hearing Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. Most of the limitation of sight can be overcome with the help of certain optical instruments such as magnifying glass, microscope, binoculars and others. The range of frequency of hearing in human 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. It was different according to the age of a person. Hearing limitations can be overcome by using devices such as microphone, stethoscope, earphone and PA system. All of these devices help us to make our live easier. 1 INTRODUCTION 2OBJECTIVE 3APPRECIATION 4LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 5LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 6DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 7DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 8PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 9PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATION OF HEARING 10 Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. The objective of learning about the limitation of sight and hearing: ? I have learnt that our hearing and sight has limitation. ? I have learnt that we can overcome the limitation of our sight and hearing by using or wearing technology devices. ? The technology devices have make our lives easier. First of all I would like to thank my parents for supporting me on financial moral support to complete this project. I am lucky to have such parents. Thanks to my science teacher Puan Nuzaihan for giving me a chance to do this project. Lastly, I want to thank my friends that always help me and also share some information. Not forgotten for all parties that involved. Thank you very much. Limitation Of Sight Our sense of sight has its limitations. We cannot see objects that are very tiny, such as bacteria, viruses and atoms with our naked eye. We also cannot see the stars and planets that are very far from Earth. Limitation of sight is whereby a person is able to see an object, colour, shape until certain extend. Limitations of sight can be overcome by using appropriate optical devices such as microscope, telescope, periscope and others. Technology Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight and Hearing Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. Most of the limitation of sight can be overcome with the help of certain optical instruments such as magnifying glass, microscope, binoculars and others. The range of frequency of hearing in human 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. It was different according to the age of a person. Hearing limitations can be overcome by using devices such as microphone, stethoscope, earphone and PA system. All of these devices help us to make our live easier. 1 INTRODUCTION 2OBJECTIVE 3APPRECIATION 4LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 5LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 6DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 7DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 8PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 9PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATION OF HEARING 10 Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. The objective of learning about the limitation of sight and hearing: ? I have learnt that our hearing and sight has limitation. ? I have learnt that we can overcome the limitation of our sight and hearing by using or wearing technology devices. ? The technology devices have make our lives easier. First of all I would like to thank my parents for supporting me on financial moral support to complete this project. I am lucky to have such parents. Thanks to my science teacher Puan Nuzaihan for giving me a chance to do this project. Lastly, I want to thank my friends that always help me and also share some information. Not forgotten for all parties that involved. Thank you very much. Limitation Of Sight Our sense of sight has its limitations. We cannot see objects that are very tiny, such as bacteria, viruses and atoms with our naked eye. We also cannot see the stars and planets that are very far from Earth. Limitation of sight is whereby a person is able to see an object, colour, shape until certain extend. Limitations of sight can be overcome by using appropriate optical devices such as microscope, telescope, periscope and others. Technology Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight and Hearing Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. Most of the limitation of sight can be overcome with the help of certain optical instruments such as magnifying glass, microscope, binoculars and others. The range of frequency of hearing in human 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. It was different according to the age of a person. Hearing limitations can be overcome by using devices such as microphone, stethoscope, earphone and PA system. All of these devices help us to make our live easier. 1 INTRODUCTION 2OBJECTIVE 3APPRECIATION 4LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 5LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 6DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 7DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 8PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 9PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATION OF HEARING 10 Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. The objective of learning about the limitation of sight and hearing: ? I have learnt that our hearing and sight has limitation. ? I have learnt that we can overcome the limitation of our sight and hearing by using or wearing technology devices. ? The technology devices have make our lives easier. First of all I would like to thank my parents for supporting me on financial moral support to complete this project. I am lucky to have such parents. Thanks to my science teacher Puan Nuzaihan for giving me a chance to do this project. Lastly, I want to thank my friends that always help me and also share some information. Not forgotten for all parties that involved. Thank you very much. Limitation Of Sight Our sense of sight has its limitations. We cannot see objects that are very tiny, such as bacteria, viruses and atoms with our naked eye. We also cannot see the stars and planets that are very far from Earth. Limitation of sight is whereby a person is able to see an object, colour, shape until certain extend. Limitations of sight can be overcome by using appropriate optical devices such as microscope, telescope, periscope and others. Technology Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight and Hearing Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. Most of the limitation of sight can be overcome with the help of certain optical instruments such as magnifying glass, microscope, binoculars and others. The range of frequency of hearing in human 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. It was different according to the age of a person. Hearing limitations can be overcome by using devices such as microphone, stethoscope, earphone and PA system. All of these devices help us to make our live easier. 1 INTRODUCTION 2OBJECTIVE 3APPRECIATION 4LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 5LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 6DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 7DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 8PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 9PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATION OF HEARING 10 Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. The objective of learning about the limitation of sight and hearing: ? I have learnt that our hearing and sight has limitation. ? I have learnt that we can overcome the limitation of our sight and hearing by using or wearing technology devices. ? The technology devices have make our lives easier. First of all I would like to thank my parents for supporting me on financial moral support to complete this project. I am lucky to have such parents. Thanks to my science teacher Puan Nuzaihan for giving me a chance to do this project. Lastly, I want to thank my friends that always help me and also share some information. Not forgotten for all parties that involved. Thank you very much. Limitation Of Sight Our sense of sight has its limitations. We cannot see objects that are very tiny, such as bacteria, viruses and atoms with our naked eye. We also cannot see the stars and planets that are very far from Earth. Limitation of sight is whereby a person is able to see an object, colour, shape until certain extend. Limitations of sight can be overcome by using appropriate optical devices such as microscope, telescope, periscope and others. Technology Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight and Hearing Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. Most of the limitation of sight can be overcome with the help of certain optical instruments such as magnifying glass, microscope, binoculars and others. The range of frequency of hearing in human 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. It was different according to the age of a person. Hearing limitations can be overcome by using devices such as microphone, stethoscope, earphone and PA system. All of these devices help us to make our live easier. 1 INTRODUCTION 2OBJECTIVE 3APPRECIATION 4LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 5LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 6DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 7DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 8PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 9PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATION OF HEARING 10 Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. The objective of learning about the limitation of sight and hearing: ? I have learnt that our hearing and sight has limitation. ? I have learnt that we can overcome the limitation of our sight and hearing by using or wearing technology devices. ? The technology devices have make our lives easier. First of all I would like to thank my parents for supporting me on financial moral support to complete this project. I am lucky to have such parents. Thanks to my science teacher Puan Nuzaihan for giving me a chance to do this project. Lastly, I want to thank my friends that always help me and also share some information. Not forgotten for all parties that involved. Thank you very much. Limitation Of Sight Our sense of sight has its limitations. We cannot see objects that are very tiny, such as bacteria, viruses and atoms with our naked eye. We also cannot see the stars and planets that are very far from Earth. Limitation of sight is whereby a person is able to see an object, colour, shape until certain extend. Limitations of sight can be overcome by using appropriate optical devices such as microscope, telescope, periscope and others. Technology Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight and Hearing Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. Most of the limitation of sight can be overcome with the help of certain optical instruments such as magnifying glass, microscope, binoculars and others. The range of frequency of hearing in human 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. It was different according to the age of a person. Hearing limitations can be overcome by using devices such as microphone, stethoscope, earphone and PA system. All of these devices help us to make our live easier. 1 INTRODUCTION 2OBJECTIVE 3APPRECIATION 4LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 5LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 6DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 7DEVICES TO OVERCOME LIMITATIONS OF HEARING 8PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATIONS OF SIGHT 9PHOTOS OF DEVICES – LIMITATION OF HEARING 10 Humans have sight and hearing limitation. Without any devices, our sight and hearing was limited. The objective of learning about the limitation of sight and hearing: ? I have learnt that our hearing and sight has limitation. ? I have learnt that we can overcome the limitation of our sight and hearing by using or wearing technology devices. ? The technology devices have make our lives easier. First of all I would like to thank my parents for supporting me on financial moral support to complete this project. I am lucky to have such parents. Thanks to my science teacher Puan Nuzaihan for giving me a chance to do this project. Lastly, I want to thank my friends that always help me and also share some information. Not forgotten for all parties that involved. Thank you very much. Limitation Of Sight Our sense of sight has its limitations. We cannot see objects that are very tiny, such as bacteria, viruses and atoms with our naked eye. We also cannot see the stars and planets that are very far from Earth. Limitation of sight is whereby a person is able to see an object, colour, shape until certain extend. Limitations of sight can be overcome by using appropriate optical devices such as microscope, telescope, periscope and others. First of all I would like to thank my parents for supporting me on financial moral support to complete this project. I am lucky to have such parents. Thanks to my science teacher Puan Nuzaihan for giving me a chance to do this project. Lastly, I want to thank my friends that always help me and also share some information. Not forgotten for all parties that involved. Thank you very much. Limitation Of Sight Our sense of sight has its limitations. We cannot see objects that are very tiny, such as bacteria, viruses and atoms with our naked eye. We also cannot see the stars and planets that are very far from Earth. Limitation of sight is whereby a person is able to see an object, colour, shape until certain extend. Limitations of sight can be overcome by using appropriate optical devices such as microscope, telescope, periscope and others. Devices to overcome the limitations of sight. 1. Microscope †¢Instrument to magnify object such as virus. †¢Objective lens and eyepiece magnify image. -Types- light microscope, electron microscope 2. Magnifying glass †¢Limited magnifying power-10 to 15 times †¢Use to see small object. †¢Magnifying glass is convex lens. 3. Telescope †¢viewing distant objects -stars, planets , Moon. †¢Consists of two convex lenses- objective and eyepiece lens. †¢The image produced by the objective lens is magnified by the eyepiece lens. 4. Binoculars †¢Binoculars provide a stereoscopic vision of distant objects. †¢The parts of the binoculars and their functions are the same as those of the telescope. †¢Binoculars are actually a pair of telescope. †¢Use- watch horses running in a race 5. Ultrasound scanning device †¢ultrasonic waves create images -organ , fetus. †¢Device shaped like microphone is pressed against the area being scanned. †¢This device sends out very high frequency sound waves into the area being scanned. †¢The waves bounce back upon hitting an organ and an image of the organ is then obtained on computer screen 6. X-rays †¢X-rays can also be used to detect the condition of certain organs or detect fracture of bones. In medical X-rays, the X-rays penetrate the internal soft body tissues and form images on a film which can be examined by a radiologist